workqueue: fix possible livelock with concurrent mod_delayed_work()

When mod_delayed_work() is concurrently executed, there a potential
live lock scenario due to pool->lock contention.

Lets say both CPU#0 and CPU#4 calls mod_delayed_work() on the same
work item with 0 delay on a bounded workqueue. This workitem has
run on CPU#4 previously. CPU#0 wins the work item PENDING bit race
and proceeds to queueing. As this work has previously run on CPU#4,
it tries to acquire the corresponding pool->lock to check if it is
still running there. In the meantime, CPU#4 loops in
try_to_grab_pending() for the workitem to be linked with a pwq so
that it can steal it from pwq->pool->worklist. The CPU#4 essentially
acquires and releases the pool->lock in a busy loop and CPU#0 may
never gets this lock.

----------------                        --------------------
    CPU#0                                          CPU#4
---------------                         --------------------

blk_run_queue_async()

mod_delayed_work_on()                  queue_unplugged()

--> try_to_grab_pending() returns      blk_run_queue_async()
0 indicating PENDING bit is set
now.

__queue_delayed_work()                 mod_delayed_work_on()

__queue_work()                         try_to_grab_pending()

                                       {

--> waiting for the CPU#4's               acquire pool->lock()
pool->lock                                release pool->lock()

                                       }

Change-Id: I9aeab111f55a19478a9d045c8e3576bce3b7a7c5
Signed-off-by: Pavankumar Kondeti <pkondeti@codeaurora.org>

kernel/workqueue.c

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
 
 #include "workqueue_internal.h"
 
@@ -1285,6 +1286,12 @@ fail:
 	if (work_is_canceling(work))
 		return -ENOENT;
 	cpu_relax();
+	/*
+	 * The queueing is in progress in another context. If we keep
+	 * taking the pool->lock in a busy loop, the other context may
+	 * never get the lock. Give 1 usec delay to avoid this contention.
+	 */
+	udelay(1);
 	return -EAGAIN;
 }