menu "Common Clock Framework" has "depends on COMMON_CLK" and so configs
defined within menu don't require these "depends on COMMON_CLK again".
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@st.com>
Cc: Wolfram Sang <w.sang@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Lunn <andrew@lunn.ch>
Cc: Bhupesh Sharma <bhupesh.sharma@st.com>
Cc: Giuseppe Cavallaro <peppe.cavallaro@st.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Mike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>
Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Cc: viresh kumar <viresh.linux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Many drivers are shared between architectures that may or may not have
HAVE_CLK selected for them. To remove compilation errors for them we
enclose clk_*() calls in these drivers within #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_CLK,
#endif.
This patch removes the need of these CONFIG_HAVE_CLK statements, by
introducing dummy routines when HAVE_CLK is not selected by platforms.
So, definition of these routines will always be available. These calls
will return error for platforms that don't select HAVE_CLK.
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@st.com>
Cc: Wolfram Sang <w.sang@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Lunn <andrew@lunn.ch>
Cc: Bhupesh Sharma <bhupesh.sharma@st.com>
Cc: Giuseppe Cavallaro <peppe.cavallaro@st.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Mike Turquette <mturquette@linaro.org>
Cc: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Cc: viresh kumar <viresh.linux@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commits d065bd810b ("mm: retry page fault when blocking on disk
transfer") and 37b23e0525 ("x86,mm: make pagefault killable")
introduced changes into the x86 pagefault handler for making the page
fault handler retryable as well as killable.
These changes reduce the mmap_sem hold time, which is crucial during OOM
killer invocation.
Port these changes to AVR32.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment layout]
Signed-off-by: Mohd. Faris <mohdfarisq2010@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Kautuk Consul <consul.kautuk@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Havard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There's a small group of odd looking includes in smc37c669.c. These
includes appear to be if zero-ed out ever since they were added to the
tree (in v2.1.89). Their purpose is unclear to me. Perhaps they were
used in someones build system. Whatever their purpose was, nothing else
uses something comparable. This entire if zero-ed out block might as well
be removed.
Signed-off-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commits d065bd810b ("mm: retry page fault when blocking on disk
transfer") and 37b23e0525 ("x86,mm: make pagefault killable")
introduced changes into the x86 pagefault handler for making the page
fault handler retryable as well as killable.
These changes reduce the mmap_sem hold time, which is crucial during OOM
killer invocation.
Port these changes to xtensa.
Signed-off-by: Kautuk Consul <consul.kautuk@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When suid_dumpable=2, detect unsafe core_pattern settings and warn when
they are seen.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When the suid_dumpable sysctl is set to "2", and there is no core dump
pipe defined in the core_pattern sysctl, a local user can cause core files
to be written to root-writable directories, potentially with
user-controlled content.
This means an admin can unknowningly reintroduce a variation of
CVE-2006-2451, allowing local users to gain root privileges.
$ cat /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable
2
$ cat /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
core
$ ulimit -c unlimited
$ cd /
$ ls -l core
ls: cannot access core: No such file or directory
$ touch core
touch: cannot touch `core': Permission denied
$ OHAI="evil-string-here" ping localhost >/dev/null 2>&1 &
$ pid=$!
$ sleep 1
$ kill -SEGV $pid
$ ls -l core
-rw------- 1 root kees 458752 Jun 21 11:35 core
$ sudo strings core | grep evil
OHAI=evil-string-here
While cron has been fixed to abort reading a file when there is any
parse error, there are still other sensitive directories that will read
any file present and skip unparsable lines.
Instead of introducing a suid_dumpable=3 mode and breaking all users of
mode 2, this only disables the unsafe portion of mode 2 (writing to disk
via relative path). Most users of mode 2 (e.g. Chrome OS) already use
a core dump pipe handler, so this change will not break them. For the
situations where a pipe handler is not defined but mode 2 is still
active, crash dumps will only be written to fully qualified paths. If a
relative path is defined (e.g. the default "core" pattern), dump
attempts will trigger a printk yelling about the lack of a fully
qualified path.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This allocation can be as large as 64k.
- Add __GFP_NOWARN so the falied kmalloc() is silent
- Fall back to vmalloc() if the kmalloc() failed
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <levinsasha928@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
->delete_inode(), ->write_super_lockfs(), ->unlockfs() are gone so remove
refereces to them in the NTFS code. Remove unnecessary comments about
unimplemented methods while at it (suggested by Christoph Hellwig).
Noticed while cleaning up the fsfreeze mess.
Signed-off-by: Fernando Luis Vazquez Cao <fernando@oss.ntt.co.jp>
Cc: Anton Altaparmakov <anton@tuxera.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Just setting the "error" to error number is enough on failure and It
doesn't require to set "error" variable to zero in each switch case,
since it was already initialized with zero. And also removed return 0
in switch case with break statement
Signed-off-by: Sasikantha babu <sasikanth.v19@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Acked-by: Serge E. Hallyn <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
efi_setup_pcdp_console() is called during boot to parse the HCDP/PCDP
EFI system table and setup an early console for printk output. The
routine uses ioremap/iounmap to setup access to the HCDP/PCDP table
information.
The call to ioremap is happening early in the boot process which leads
to a panic on x86_64 systems:
panic+0x01ca
do_exit+0x043c
oops_end+0x00a7
no_context+0x0119
__bad_area_nosemaphore+0x0138
bad_area_nosemaphore+0x000e
do_page_fault+0x0321
page_fault+0x0020
reserve_memtype+0x02a1
__ioremap_caller+0x0123
ioremap_nocache+0x0012
efi_setup_pcdp_console+0x002b
setup_arch+0x03a9
start_kernel+0x00d4
x86_64_start_reservations+0x012c
x86_64_start_kernel+0x00fe
This replaces the calls to ioremap/iounmap in efi_setup_pcdp_console()
with calls to early_ioremap/early_iounmap which can be called during
early boot.
This patch was tested on an x86_64 prototype system which uses the
HCDP/PCDP table for early console setup.
Signed-off-by: Greg Pearson <greg.pearson@hp.com>
Acked-by: Khalid Aziz <khalid.aziz@hp.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit a6bc32b899 ("mm: compaction: introduce sync-light migration for
use by compaction") changed the declaration of migrate_pages() and
migrate_huge_pages().
But it missed changing the argument of migrate_huge_pages() in
soft_offline_huge_page(). In this case, we should call
migrate_huge_pages() with MIGRATE_SYNC.
Additionally, there is a mismatch between type the of argument and the
function declaration for migrate_pages().
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <js1304@gmail.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Sparse is warning about non-ANSI function declaration.
Add void to the parameterless function.
drivers/staging/media/lirc/lirc_bt829.c:174:22: warning:
non-ANSI function declaration of function 'poll_main'
Signed-off-by: Emil Goode <emilgoode@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
changes:
1. wrap some lines that are longer than 80 characters.
2. remove local function prototype declarations which do not
need.
3. replace TAB character with a space character in function
comments.
Signed-off-by: Du, Changbin <changbin.du@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
For some reason, when the lirc daemon learns that a usb remote control
has been unplugged, it wants to read the sysfs attributes of the
disappearing device. This is useful for uncovering transient
inconsistencies, but less so for keeping the system running when such
inconsistencies exist.
Under some circumstances (like every time I unplug my dvb stick from
my laptop), lirc catches an rc_dev whose raw event handler has been
removed (presumably by ir_raw_event_unregister), and proceeds to
interrogate the raw protocols supported by the NULL pointer.
This patch avoids the NULL dereference, and ignores the issue of how
this state of affairs came about in the first place.
Version 2 incorporates changes recommended by Mauro Carvalho Chehab
(-ENODEV instead of -EINVAL, and a signed-off-by).
Signed-off-by: Douglas Bagnall <douglas@paradise.net.nz>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
It is possible that video_put() releases video_device struct,
provoking a panic when debug printk wants to get video_device node name.
Signed-off-by: Ezequiel Garcia <elezegarcia@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Hans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
This patch will always set the field to INTERLACED (this fixes a bug were a driver should
never return FIELD_ANY), and will default to YUYV pixelformat if an unknown pixelformat
was specified.
This way S/TRY_FMT will always return a valid format struct.
Regards,
Hans
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
Add missing usb_free_urb on failure path after usb_alloc_urb.
A simplified version of the semantic match that finds this problem is as
follows: (http://coccinelle.lip6.fr/)
// <smpl>
@km exists@
local idexpression e;
expression e1,e2,e3;
type T,T1;
identifier f;
@@
* e = usb_alloc_urb(...)
... when any
when != e = e1
when != e1 = (T)e
when != e1(...,(T)e,...)
when != &e->f
if(...) { ... when != e2(...,(T1)e,...)
when != e3 = e
when forall
(
return <+...e...+>;
|
* return ...;
) }
// </smpl>
Signed-off-by: Julia Lawall <Julia.Lawall@lip6.fr>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
'sync' writes set both REQ_SYNC and REQ_NOIDLE.
O_DIRECT writes set REQ_SYNC but not REQ_NOIDLE.
We currently assume that a REQ_SYNC request will not be followed by
more requests and so set STRIPE_PREREAD_ACTIVE to expedite the
request.
This is appropriate for sync requests, but not for O_DIRECT requests.
So make the setting of STRIPE_PREREAD_ACTIVE conditional on REQ_NOIDLE
rather than REQ_SYNC. This is consistent with the documented meaning
of REQ_NOIDLE:
__REQ_NOIDLE, /* don't anticipate more IO after this one */
Signed-off-by: Jianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
If a resync of a RAID1 array with 2 devices finds a known bad block
one device it will neither read from, or write to, that device for
this block offset.
So there will be one read_target (The other device) and zero write
targets.
This condition causes md/raid1 to abort the resync assuming that it
has finished - without known bad blocks this would be true.
When there are no write targets because of the presence of bad blocks
we should only skip over the area covered by the bad block.
RAID10 already gets this right, raid1 doesn't. Or didn't.
As this can cause a 'sync' to abort early and appear to have succeeded
it could lead to some data corruption, so it suitable for -stable.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Alexander Lyakas <alex.bolshoy@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Some parts of the C language are subtle and evil. This is one example.
Resolves-bug: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=44041
Reported-by: dcb314@hotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
do_md_stop tests mddev->openers while holding ->open_mutex,
and fails if this count is too high.
So callers do not need to check mddev->openers and doing so isn't
very meaningful as they don't hold ->open_mutex so the number could
change.
So remove the unnecessary tests on mddev->openers.
These are not called often enough for there to be any gain in
an early test on ->open_mutex to avoid the need for a slightly more
costly mutex_lock call.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Because bios will merge at block-layer,so bios-error may caused by other
bio which be merged into to the same request.
Using this flag,it will find exactly error-sector and not do redundant
operation like re-write and re-read.
V0->V1:Using REQ_FLUSH instead REQ_NOMERGE avoid bio merging at block
layer.
Signed-off-by: Jianpeng Ma <majianpeng@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
For SSD, if request size exceeds specific value (optimal io size), request size
isn't important for bandwidth. In such condition, if making request size bigger
will cause some disks idle, the total throughput will actually drop. A good
example is doing a readahead in a two-disk raid1 setup.
So when should we split big requests? We absolutly don't want to split big
request to very small requests. Even in SSD, big request transfer is more
efficient. This patch only considers request with size above optimal io size.
If all disks are busy, is it worth doing a split? Say optimal io size is 16k,
two requests 32k and two disks. We can let each disk run one 32k request, or
split the requests to 4 16k requests and each disk runs two. It's hard to say
which case is better, depending on hardware.
So only consider case where there are idle disks. For readahead, split is
always better in this case. And in my test, below patch can improve > 30%
thoughput. Hmm, not 100%, because disk isn't 100% busy.
Such case can happen not just in readahead, for example, in directio. But I
suppose directio usually will have bigger IO depth and make all disks busy, so
I ignored it.
Note: if the raid uses any hard disk, we don't prevent merging. That will make
performace worse.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
SSD hasn't spindle, distance between requests means nothing. And the original
distance based algorithm sometimes can cause severe performance issue for SSD
raid.
Considering two thread groups, one accesses file A, the other access file B.
The first group will access one disk and the second will access the other disk,
because requests are near from one group and far between groups. In this case,
read balance might keep one disk very busy but the other relative idle. For
SSD, we should try best to distribute requests to as many disks as possible.
There isn't spindle move penality anyway.
With below patch, I can see more than 50% throughput improvement sometimes
depending on workloads.
The only exception is small requests can be merged to a big request which
typically can drive higher throughput for SSD too. Such small requests are
sequential reads. Unlike hard disk, sequential read which can't be merged (for
example direct IO, or read without readahead) can be ignored for SSD. Again
there is no spindle move penality. readahead dispatches small requests and such
requests can be merged.
Last patch can help detect sequential read well, at least if concurrent read
number isn't greater than raid disk number. In that case, distance based
algorithm doesn't work well too.
V2: For hard disk and SSD mixed raid, doesn't use distance based algorithm for
random IO too. This makes the algorithm generic for raid with SSD.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Currently the sequential read detection is global wide. It's natural to make it
per disk based, which can improve the detection for concurrent multiple
sequential reads. And next patch will make SSD read balance not use distance
based algorithm, where this change help detect truly sequential read for SSD.
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fusionio.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
md/raid10: Export is_congested test.
In similar fashion to commits
11d8a6e3711ed7242e59
we export the RAID10 congestion checking function so that dm-raid.c can
make use of it and make use of the personality. The 'queue' and 'gendisk'
structures will not be available to the MD code when device-mapper sets
up the device, so we conditionalize access to these fields also.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
MD RAID1/RAID10: Move some macros from .h file to .c file
There are three macros (IO_BLOCKED,IO_MADE_GOOD,BIO_SPECIAL) which are defined
in both raid1.h and raid10.h. They are only used in there respective .c files.
However, if we wish to make RAID10 accessible to the device-mapper RAID
target (dm-raid.c), then we need to move these macros into the .c files where
they are used so that they do not conflict with each other.
The macros from the two files are identical and could be moved into md.h, but
I chose to leave the duplication and have them remain in the personality
files.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
MD RAID1: Rename the structure 'mirror_info' to 'raid1_info'
The same structure name ('mirror_info') is used by raid10. Each of these
structures are defined in there respective header files. If dm-raid is
to support both RAID1 and RAID10, the header files will be included and
the structure names must not collide. While only one of these structure
names needs to change, this patch adds consistency to the naming of the
structure.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
MD RAID10: Rename the structure 'mirror_info' to 'raid10_info'
The same structure name ('mirror_info') is used by raid1. Each of these
structures are defined in there respective header files. If dm-raid is
to support both RAID1 and RAID10, the header files will be included and
the structure names must not collide.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Brassow <jbrassow@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Without this rev2 ends up behaving as rev3
Resolves-bug: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=44081
Reported-by: dcb314@hotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alan Cox <alan@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
We need to do a mutex_unlock(&priv->lock) before returning.
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
This patch simply adds a newline character at end-of-file to those
files in Documentation/ that currently lack one.
This is done for a few different reasons:
A) It's rather annoying when you do "cat some_file.txt" that your
prompt/cursor ends up at the end of the last line of output rather
than on a new line.
B) Some tools that process files line-by-line may get confused by the
lack of a newline on the last line.
C) The "\ No newline at end of file" line in diffs annoys me for some
reason.
So, let's just add the missing newline once and for all.
Signed-off-by: Jesper Juhl <jj@chaosbits.net>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
fix check for s_dv_preset function pointer to be NULL.
return -EINVAL if function pointer is NULL.
Signed-off-by: Lad, Prabhakar <prabhakar.lad@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Manjunath Hadli <manjunath.hadli@ti.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
We intended to do a compare here, not an assignment.
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
Remove the pointless video_nr++. It doesn't do anything useful and it has
the unexpected side-effect of changing the video_nr module option, so
cat /sys/module/vivi/parameters/video_nr gives a different value back
then what was specified with modprobe.
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
This is simply cleanup that will keep things more closely synced with the
userland code.
Signed-off-by: Sage Weil <sage@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Elder <elder@inktank.com>
Reviewed-by: Yehuda Sadeh <yehuda@inktank.com>
The mask was wrong resulting in band 0 and 1 always ending up as band 0
in the register.
Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
To allow apps to limit a hw-freq-seek to a specific band, for further
info see the documentation this patch adds for these new fields.
Signed-off-by: Hans de Goede <hdegoede@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
The current RDS code suffered from bit rot. Clean it up and make it work again.
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
- add control framework
- use core locking
- use V4L2_TUNER_CAP_LOW
- remove volume support: there is no hardware volume control
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hans.verkuil@cisco.com>
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@redhat.com>
