LineageOS 16.0 (v4.4.153) kernel with Halium 9 patches
Find a file
Eric Dumazet ef1cb6b06b ipv6: mcast: fix a use-after-free in inet6_mc_check
[ Upstream commit dc012f3628eaecfb5ba68404a5c30ef501daf63d ]

syzbot found a use-after-free in inet6_mc_check [1]

The problem here is that inet6_mc_check() uses rcu
and read_lock(&iml->sflock)

So the fact that ip6_mc_leave_src() is called under RTNL
and the socket lock does not help us, we need to acquire
iml->sflock in write mode.

In the future, we should convert all this stuff to RCU.

[1]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ipv6_addr_equal include/net/ipv6.h:521 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in inet6_mc_check+0xae7/0xb40 net/ipv6/mcast.c:649
Read of size 8 at addr ffff8801ce7f2510 by task syz-executor0/22432

CPU: 1 PID: 22432 Comm: syz-executor0 Not tainted 4.19.0-rc7+ #280
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011
Call Trace:
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:77 [inline]
 dump_stack+0x1c4/0x2b4 lib/dump_stack.c:113
 print_address_description.cold.8+0x9/0x1ff mm/kasan/report.c:256
 kasan_report_error mm/kasan/report.c:354 [inline]
 kasan_report.cold.9+0x242/0x309 mm/kasan/report.c:412
 __asan_report_load8_noabort+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/report.c:433
 ipv6_addr_equal include/net/ipv6.h:521 [inline]
 inet6_mc_check+0xae7/0xb40 net/ipv6/mcast.c:649
 __raw_v6_lookup+0x320/0x3f0 net/ipv6/raw.c:98
 ipv6_raw_deliver net/ipv6/raw.c:183 [inline]
 raw6_local_deliver+0x3d3/0xcb0 net/ipv6/raw.c:240
 ip6_input_finish+0x467/0x1aa0 net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:345
 NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:289 [inline]
 ip6_input+0xe9/0x600 net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:426
 ip6_mc_input+0x48a/0xd20 net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:503
 dst_input include/net/dst.h:450 [inline]
 ip6_rcv_finish+0x17a/0x330 net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:76
 NF_HOOK include/linux/netfilter.h:289 [inline]
 ipv6_rcv+0x120/0x640 net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:271
 __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x14d/0x200 net/core/dev.c:4913
 __netif_receive_skb+0x2c/0x1e0 net/core/dev.c:5023
 netif_receive_skb_internal+0x12c/0x620 net/core/dev.c:5126
 napi_frags_finish net/core/dev.c:5664 [inline]
 napi_gro_frags+0x75a/0xc90 net/core/dev.c:5737
 tun_get_user+0x3189/0x4250 drivers/net/tun.c:1923
 tun_chr_write_iter+0xb9/0x154 drivers/net/tun.c:1968
 call_write_iter include/linux/fs.h:1808 [inline]
 do_iter_readv_writev+0x8b0/0xa80 fs/read_write.c:680
 do_iter_write+0x185/0x5f0 fs/read_write.c:959
 vfs_writev+0x1f1/0x360 fs/read_write.c:1004
 do_writev+0x11a/0x310 fs/read_write.c:1039
 __do_sys_writev fs/read_write.c:1112 [inline]
 __se_sys_writev fs/read_write.c:1109 [inline]
 __x64_sys_writev+0x75/0xb0 fs/read_write.c:1109
 do_syscall_64+0x1b9/0x820 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe
RIP: 0033:0x457421
Code: 75 14 b8 14 00 00 00 0f 05 48 3d 01 f0 ff ff 0f 83 34 b5 fb ff c3 48 83 ec 08 e8 1a 2d 00 00 48 89 04 24 b8 14 00 00 00 0f 05 <48> 8b 3c 24 48 89 c2 e8 63 2d 00 00 48 89 d0 48 83 c4 08 48 3d 01
RSP: 002b:00007f2d30ecaba0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000014
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000000000000003e RCX: 0000000000457421
RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 00007f2d30ecabf0 RDI: 00000000000000f0
RBP: 0000000020000500 R08: 00000000000000f0 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 00007f2d30ecb6d4
R13: 00000000004c4890 R14: 00000000004d7b90 R15: 00000000ffffffff

Allocated by task 22437:
 save_stack+0x43/0xd0 mm/kasan/kasan.c:448
 set_track mm/kasan/kasan.c:460 [inline]
 kasan_kmalloc+0xc7/0xe0 mm/kasan/kasan.c:553
 __do_kmalloc mm/slab.c:3718 [inline]
 __kmalloc+0x14e/0x760 mm/slab.c:3727
 kmalloc include/linux/slab.h:518 [inline]
 sock_kmalloc+0x15a/0x1f0 net/core/sock.c:1983
 ip6_mc_source+0x14dd/0x1960 net/ipv6/mcast.c:427
 do_ipv6_setsockopt.isra.9+0x3afb/0x45d0 net/ipv6/ipv6_sockglue.c:743
 ipv6_setsockopt+0xbd/0x170 net/ipv6/ipv6_sockglue.c:933
 rawv6_setsockopt+0x59/0x140 net/ipv6/raw.c:1069
 sock_common_setsockopt+0x9a/0xe0 net/core/sock.c:3038
 __sys_setsockopt+0x1ba/0x3c0 net/socket.c:1902
 __do_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:1913 [inline]
 __se_sys_setsockopt net/socket.c:1910 [inline]
 __x64_sys_setsockopt+0xbe/0x150 net/socket.c:1910
 do_syscall_64+0x1b9/0x820 arch/x86/entry/common.c:290
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe

Freed by task 22430:
 save_stack+0x43/0xd0 mm/kasan/kasan.c:448
 set_track mm/kasan/kasan.c:460 [inline]
 __kasan_slab_free+0x102/0x150 mm/kasan/kasan.c:521
 kasan_slab_free+0xe/0x10 mm/kasan/kasan.c:528
 __cache_free mm/slab.c:3498 [inline]
 kfree+0xcf/0x230 mm/slab.c:3813
 __sock_kfree_s net/core/sock.c:2004 [inline]
 sock_kfree_s+0x29/0x60 net/core/sock.c:2010
 ip6_mc_leave_src+0x11a/0x1d0 net/ipv6/mcast.c:2448
 __ipv6_sock_mc_close+0x20b/0x4e0 net/ipv6/mcast.c:310
 ipv6_sock_mc_close+0x158/0x1d0 net/ipv6/mcast.c:328
 inet6_release+0x40/0x70 net/ipv6/af_inet6.c:452
 __sock_release+0xd7/0x250 net/socket.c:579
 sock_close+0x19/0x20 net/socket.c:1141
 __fput+0x385/0xa30 fs/file_table.c:278
 ____fput+0x15/0x20 fs/file_table.c:309
 task_work_run+0x1e8/0x2a0 kernel/task_work.c:113
 tracehook_notify_resume include/linux/tracehook.h:193 [inline]
 exit_to_usermode_loop+0x318/0x380 arch/x86/entry/common.c:166
 prepare_exit_to_usermode arch/x86/entry/common.c:197 [inline]
 syscall_return_slowpath arch/x86/entry/common.c:268 [inline]
 do_syscall_64+0x6be/0x820 arch/x86/entry/common.c:293
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x49/0xbe

The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8801ce7f2500
 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-192 of size 192
The buggy address is located 16 bytes inside of
 192-byte region [ffff8801ce7f2500, ffff8801ce7f25c0)
The buggy address belongs to the page:
page:ffffea000739fc80 count:1 mapcount:0 mapping:ffff8801da800040 index:0x0
flags: 0x2fffc0000000100(slab)
raw: 02fffc0000000100 ffffea0006f6e548 ffffea000737b948 ffff8801da800040
raw: 0000000000000000 ffff8801ce7f2000 0000000100000010 0000000000000000
page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected

Memory state around the buggy address:
 ffff8801ce7f2400: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
 ffff8801ce7f2480: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
>ffff8801ce7f2500: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb
                         ^
 ffff8801ce7f2580: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
 ffff8801ce7f2600: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reported-by: syzbot <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2018-11-10 07:41:41 -08:00
arch ARM: dts: imx53-qsb: disable 1.2GHz OPP 2018-11-10 07:41:40 -08:00
block partitions/aix: fix usage of uninitialized lv_info and lvname structures 2018-09-19 22:48:59 +02:00
certs modsign: hide openssl output in silent builds 2018-02-25 11:03:46 +01:00
crypto crypto: skcipher - Fix -Wstringop-truncation warnings 2018-10-10 08:52:03 +02:00
Documentation x86/fpu: Finish excising 'eagerfpu' 2018-10-20 09:52:37 +02:00
drivers mtd: spi-nor: Add support for is25wp series chips 2018-11-10 07:41:41 -08:00
firmware firmware: Update information in linux.git about adding firmware 2015-05-07 09:48:42 -06:00
fs fs/fat/fatent.c: add cond_resched() to fat_count_free_clusters() 2018-11-10 07:41:40 -08:00
include bpf: generally move prog destruction to RCU deferral 2018-11-10 07:41:37 -08:00
init Kbuild: change CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE definition 2018-06-06 16:46:23 +02:00
ipc ipc/shm: fix shmat() nil address after round-down when remapping 2018-05-30 07:48:51 +02:00
kernel bpf: generally move prog destruction to RCU deferral 2018-11-10 07:41:37 -08:00
lib scsi: klist: Make it safe to use klists in atomic context 2018-10-10 08:52:05 +02:00
mm mm/vmstat.c: fix outdated vmstat_text 2018-10-20 09:52:34 +02:00
net ipv6: mcast: fix a use-after-free in inet6_mc_check 2018-11-10 07:41:41 -08:00
samples Fix tracing sample code warning. 2017-11-08 10:06:28 +01:00
scripts kbuild: add .DELETE_ON_ERROR special target 2018-09-26 08:35:05 +02:00
security KEYS: put keyring if install_session_keyring_to_cred() fails 2018-11-10 07:41:34 -08:00
sound ASoC: spear: fix error return code in spdif_in_probe() 2018-11-10 07:41:40 -08:00
tools perf tools: Disable parallelism for 'make clean' 2018-11-10 07:41:41 -08:00
usr usr/Kconfig: make initrd compression algorithm selection not expert 2014-12-13 12:42:52 -08:00
virt KVM: irqfd: fix race between EPOLLHUP and irq_bypass_register_consumer 2018-08-24 13:27:00 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore Add hch to .get_maintainer.ignore 2015-08-21 14:30:10 -07:00
.gitignore Merge branch 'misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mmarek/kbuild 2015-09-08 14:23:13 -07:00
.mailmap mailmap: update Javier Martinez Canillas' email 2015-10-23 17:55:10 +09:00
COPYING
CREDITS MAINTAINERS/CREDITS: mark MaxRAID as Orphan, move Anil Ravindranath to CREDITS 2015-09-10 13:29:01 -07:00
Kbuild time: Remove development rules from Kbuild/Makefile 2015-07-01 09:57:35 +02:00
Kconfig
MAINTAINERS MAINTAINERS: Remove asterisk from EFI directory names 2016-05-11 11:21:18 +02:00
Makefile Linux 4.4.162 2018-10-20 09:52:38 +02:00
README README: Add ARC architecture 2015-09-18 10:05:29 -06:00
REPORTING-BUGS Docs: Move ref to Frohwalt Egerer to end of REPORTING-BUGS 2013-04-18 16:55:09 -07:00

        Linux kernel release 4.x <http://kernel.org/>

These are the release notes for Linux version 4.  Read them carefully,
as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
kernel, and what to do if something goes wrong. 

WHAT IS LINUX?

  Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix, written from scratch by
  Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across
  the Net. It aims towards POSIX and Single UNIX Specification compliance.

  It has all the features you would expect in a modern fully-fledged Unix,
  including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand
  loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management,
  and multistack networking including IPv4 and IPv6.

  It is distributed under the GNU General Public License - see the
  accompanying COPYING file for more details. 

ON WHAT HARDWARE DOES IT RUN?

  Although originally developed first for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or higher),
  today Linux also runs on (at least) the Compaq Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC and
  UltraSPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, PowerPC64, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, Cell,
  IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, DEC VAX, AMD x86-64, AXIS CRIS,
  Xtensa, Tilera TILE, AVR32, ARC and Renesas M32R architectures.

  Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures
  as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the
  GNU C compiler (gcc) (part of The GNU Compiler Collection, GCC). Linux has
  also been ported to a number of architectures without a PMMU, although
  functionality is then obviously somewhat limited.
  Linux has also been ported to itself. You can now run the kernel as a
  userspace application - this is called UserMode Linux (UML).

DOCUMENTATION:

 - There is a lot of documentation available both in electronic form on
   the Internet and in books, both Linux-specific and pertaining to
   general UNIX questions.  I'd recommend looking into the documentation
   subdirectories on any Linux FTP site for the LDP (Linux Documentation
   Project) books.  This README is not meant to be documentation on the
   system: there are much better sources available.

 - There are various README files in the Documentation/ subdirectory:
   these typically contain kernel-specific installation notes for some 
   drivers for example. See Documentation/00-INDEX for a list of what
   is contained in each file.  Please read the Changes file, as it
   contains information about the problems, which may result by upgrading
   your kernel.

 - The Documentation/DocBook/ subdirectory contains several guides for
   kernel developers and users.  These guides can be rendered in a
   number of formats:  PostScript (.ps), PDF, HTML, & man-pages, among others.
   After installation, "make psdocs", "make pdfdocs", "make htmldocs",
   or "make mandocs" will render the documentation in the requested format.

INSTALLING the kernel source:

 - If you install the full sources, put the kernel tarball in a
   directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
   unpack it:

     xz -cd linux-4.X.tar.xz | tar xvf -

   Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel.

   Do NOT use the /usr/src/linux area! This area has a (usually
   incomplete) set of kernel headers that are used by the library header
   files.  They should match the library, and not get messed up by
   whatever the kernel-du-jour happens to be.

 - You can also upgrade between 4.x releases by patching.  Patches are
   distributed in the xz format.  To install by patching, get all the
   newer patch files, enter the top level directory of the kernel source
   (linux-4.X) and execute:

     xz -cd ../patch-4.x.xz | patch -p1

   Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current
   source tree, _in_order_, and you should be ok.  You may want to remove
   the backup files (some-file-name~ or some-file-name.orig), and make sure
   that there are no failed patches (some-file-name# or some-file-name.rej).
   If there are, either you or I have made a mistake.

   Unlike patches for the 4.x kernels, patches for the 4.x.y kernels
   (also known as the -stable kernels) are not incremental but instead apply
   directly to the base 4.x kernel.  For example, if your base kernel is 4.0
   and you want to apply the 4.0.3 patch, you must not first apply the 4.0.1
   and 4.0.2 patches. Similarly, if you are running kernel version 4.0.2 and
   want to jump to 4.0.3, you must first reverse the 4.0.2 patch (that is,
   patch -R) _before_ applying the 4.0.3 patch. You can read more on this in
   Documentation/applying-patches.txt

   Alternatively, the script patch-kernel can be used to automate this
   process.  It determines the current kernel version and applies any
   patches found.

     linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux

   The first argument in the command above is the location of the
   kernel source.  Patches are applied from the current directory, but
   an alternative directory can be specified as the second argument.

 - Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:

     cd linux
     make mrproper

   You should now have the sources correctly installed.

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

   Compiling and running the 4.x kernels requires up-to-date
   versions of various software packages.  Consult
   Documentation/Changes for the minimum version numbers required
   and how to get updates for these packages.  Beware that using
   excessively old versions of these packages can cause indirect
   errors that are very difficult to track down, so don't assume that
   you can just update packages when obvious problems arise during
   build or operation.

BUILD directory for the kernel:

   When compiling the kernel, all output files will per default be
   stored together with the kernel source code.
   Using the option "make O=output/dir" allow you to specify an alternate
   place for the output files (including .config).
   Example:

     kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-4.X
     build directory:    /home/name/build/kernel

   To configure and build the kernel, use:

     cd /usr/src/linux-4.X
     make O=/home/name/build/kernel menuconfig
     make O=/home/name/build/kernel
     sudo make O=/home/name/build/kernel modules_install install

   Please note: If the 'O=output/dir' option is used, then it must be
   used for all invocations of make.

CONFIGURING the kernel:

   Do not skip this step even if you are only upgrading one minor
   version.  New configuration options are added in each release, and
   odd problems will turn up if the configuration files are not set up
   as expected.  If you want to carry your existing configuration to a
   new version with minimal work, use "make oldconfig", which will
   only ask you for the answers to new questions.

 - Alternative configuration commands are:

     "make config"      Plain text interface.

     "make menuconfig"  Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.

     "make nconfig"     Enhanced text based color menus.

     "make xconfig"     X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.

     "make gconfig"     X windows (GTK+) based configuration tool.

     "make oldconfig"   Default all questions based on the contents of
                        your existing ./.config file and asking about
                        new config symbols.

     "make silentoldconfig"
                        Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
                        with questions already answered.
                        Additionally updates the dependencies.

     "make olddefconfig"
                        Like above, but sets new symbols to their default
                        values without prompting.

     "make defconfig"   Create a ./.config file by using the default
                        symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
                        or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
                        depending on the architecture.

     "make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
                        Create a ./.config file by using the default
                        symbol values from
                        arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
                        Use "make help" to get a list of all available
                        platforms of your architecture.

     "make allyesconfig"
                        Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                        values to 'y' as much as possible.

     "make allmodconfig"
                        Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                        values to 'm' as much as possible.

     "make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                        values to 'n' as much as possible.

     "make randconfig"  Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
                        values to random values.

     "make localmodconfig" Create a config based on current config and
                           loaded modules (lsmod). Disables any module
                           option that is not needed for the loaded modules.

                           To create a localmodconfig for another machine,
                           store the lsmod of that machine into a file
                           and pass it in as a LSMOD parameter.

                   target$ lsmod > /tmp/mylsmod
                   target$ scp /tmp/mylsmod host:/tmp

                   host$ make LSMOD=/tmp/mylsmod localmodconfig

                           The above also works when cross compiling.

     "make localyesconfig" Similar to localmodconfig, except it will convert
                           all module options to built in (=y) options.

   You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools
   in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.

 - NOTES on "make config":

    - Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
      under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
      nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers

    - Compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
      will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386.  The
      kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.

    - A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
      coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
      never get used in that case.  The kernel will be slightly larger,
      but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
      have a math coprocessor or not.

    - The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
      bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
      less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
      break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()).  Thus you
      should probably answer 'n' to the questions for "development",
      "experimental", or "debugging" features.

COMPILING the kernel:

 - Make sure you have at least gcc 3.2 available.
   For more information, refer to Documentation/Changes.

   Please note that you can still run a.out user programs with this kernel.

 - Do a "make" to create a compressed kernel image. It is also
   possible to do "make install" if you have lilo installed to suit the
   kernel makefiles, but you may want to check your particular lilo setup first.

   To do the actual install, you have to be root, but none of the normal
   build should require that. Don't take the name of root in vain.

 - If you configured any of the parts of the kernel as `modules', you
   will also have to do "make modules_install".

 - Verbose kernel compile/build output:

   Normally, the kernel build system runs in a fairly quiet mode (but not
   totally silent).  However, sometimes you or other kernel developers need
   to see compile, link, or other commands exactly as they are executed.
   For this, use "verbose" build mode.  This is done by inserting
   "V=1" in the "make" command.  E.g.:

     make V=1 all

   To have the build system also tell the reason for the rebuild of each
   target, use "V=2".  The default is "V=0".

 - Keep a backup kernel handy in case something goes wrong.  This is 
   especially true for the development releases, since each new release
   contains new code which has not been debugged.  Make sure you keep a
   backup of the modules corresponding to that kernel, as well.  If you
   are installing a new kernel with the same version number as your
   working kernel, make a backup of your modules directory before you
   do a "make modules_install".

   Alternatively, before compiling, use the kernel config option
   "LOCALVERSION" to append a unique suffix to the regular kernel version.
   LOCALVERSION can be set in the "General Setup" menu.

 - In order to boot your new kernel, you'll need to copy the kernel
   image (e.g. .../linux/arch/i386/boot/bzImage after compilation)
   to the place where your regular bootable kernel is found. 

 - Booting a kernel directly from a floppy without the assistance of a
   bootloader such as LILO, is no longer supported.

   If you boot Linux from the hard drive, chances are you use LILO, which
   uses the kernel image as specified in the file /etc/lilo.conf.  The
   kernel image file is usually /vmlinuz, /boot/vmlinuz, /bzImage or
   /boot/bzImage.  To use the new kernel, save a copy of the old image
   and copy the new image over the old one.  Then, you MUST RERUN LILO
   to update the loading map!! If you don't, you won't be able to boot
   the new kernel image.

   Reinstalling LILO is usually a matter of running /sbin/lilo. 
   You may wish to edit /etc/lilo.conf to specify an entry for your
   old kernel image (say, /vmlinux.old) in case the new one does not
   work.  See the LILO docs for more information. 

   After reinstalling LILO, you should be all set.  Shutdown the system,
   reboot, and enjoy!

   If you ever need to change the default root device, video mode,
   ramdisk size, etc.  in the kernel image, use the 'rdev' program (or
   alternatively the LILO boot options when appropriate).  No need to
   recompile the kernel to change these parameters. 

 - Reboot with the new kernel and enjoy. 

IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG:

 - If you have problems that seem to be due to kernel bugs, please check
   the file MAINTAINERS to see if there is a particular person associated
   with the part of the kernel that you are having trouble with. If there
   isn't anyone listed there, then the second best thing is to mail
   them to me (torvalds@linux-foundation.org), and possibly to any other
   relevant mailing-list or to the newsgroup.

 - In all bug-reports, *please* tell what kernel you are talking about,
   how to duplicate the problem, and what your setup is (use your common
   sense).  If the problem is new, tell me so, and if the problem is
   old, please try to tell me when you first noticed it.

 - If the bug results in a message like

     unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
     Oops: 0002
     EIP:   0010:XXXXXXXX
     eax: xxxxxxxx   ebx: xxxxxxxx   ecx: xxxxxxxx   edx: xxxxxxxx
     esi: xxxxxxxx   edi: xxxxxxxx   ebp: xxxxxxxx
     ds: xxxx  es: xxxx  fs: xxxx  gs: xxxx
     Pid: xx, process nr: xx
     xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx

   or similar kernel debugging information on your screen or in your
   system log, please duplicate it *exactly*.  The dump may look
   incomprehensible to you, but it does contain information that may
   help debugging the problem.  The text above the dump is also
   important: it tells something about why the kernel dumped code (in
   the above example, it's due to a bad kernel pointer). More information
   on making sense of the dump is in Documentation/oops-tracing.txt

 - If you compiled the kernel with CONFIG_KALLSYMS you can send the dump
   as is, otherwise you will have to use the "ksymoops" program to make
   sense of the dump (but compiling with CONFIG_KALLSYMS is usually preferred).
   This utility can be downloaded from
   ftp://ftp.<country>.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/ksymoops/ .
   Alternatively, you can do the dump lookup by hand:

 - In debugging dumps like the above, it helps enormously if you can
   look up what the EIP value means.  The hex value as such doesn't help
   me or anybody else very much: it will depend on your particular
   kernel setup.  What you should do is take the hex value from the EIP
   line (ignore the "0010:"), and look it up in the kernel namelist to
   see which kernel function contains the offending address.

   To find out the kernel function name, you'll need to find the system
   binary associated with the kernel that exhibited the symptom.  This is
   the file 'linux/vmlinux'.  To extract the namelist and match it against
   the EIP from the kernel crash, do:

     nm vmlinux | sort | less

   This will give you a list of kernel addresses sorted in ascending
   order, from which it is simple to find the function that contains the
   offending address.  Note that the address given by the kernel
   debugging messages will not necessarily match exactly with the
   function addresses (in fact, that is very unlikely), so you can't
   just 'grep' the list: the list will, however, give you the starting
   point of each kernel function, so by looking for the function that
   has a starting address lower than the one you are searching for but
   is followed by a function with a higher address you will find the one
   you want.  In fact, it may be a good idea to include a bit of
   "context" in your problem report, giving a few lines around the
   interesting one. 

   If you for some reason cannot do the above (you have a pre-compiled
   kernel image or similar), telling me as much about your setup as
   possible will help.  Please read the REPORTING-BUGS document for details.

 - Alternatively, you can use gdb on a running kernel. (read-only; i.e. you
   cannot change values or set break points.) To do this, first compile the
   kernel with -g; edit arch/i386/Makefile appropriately, then do a "make
   clean". You'll also need to enable CONFIG_PROC_FS (via "make config").

   After you've rebooted with the new kernel, do "gdb vmlinux /proc/kcore".
   You can now use all the usual gdb commands. The command to look up the
   point where your system crashed is "l *0xXXXXXXXX". (Replace the XXXes
   with the EIP value.)

   gdb'ing a non-running kernel currently fails because gdb (wrongly)
   disregards the starting offset for which the kernel is compiled.